If you have ever studied Japanese culture or language, you might have stumbled upon a confusing question regarding the Kanji for tea ceremony: 茶道.

Should you read it as “Sadō”? Or is “Chadō” the correct pronunciation?

The short answer is: Both are correct!

However, the reason why there are two different readings is a fascinating mix of history, tradition, and the styles of different tea schools. Here is a breakdown to help you understand the difference.

1. A Look Back at History

Historically, during the Edo period, the word was generally pronounced “Chadō.”

However, as Japan moved into the modern era, the reading “Sadō” became more widespread. Today, “Sadō” is the most common way to read it in general conversation.

There is also an interesting theory about why the change happened. In the past, there was a specific job title for the person in charge of tea for the Shogun or head monks, which was called “Sadō” (written as 茶頭). To avoid confusing the practice of tea with the person serving it, people started calling the practice “Chadō” for a while. Eventually, usage shifted back and forth.

2. Different Schools, Different Readings

In the world of Tea Ceremony, there are three main historical schools (known as the San-Senke). Depending on which school you belong to, the preferred pronunciation changes:

• Urasenke (裏千家): They traditionally prefer “Chadō.”

• Omotesenke (表千家): They mainly use “Sadō,” though they aren’t strictly against the other reading.

• Mushakōjisenke (武者小路千家): They don’t mind either, but they often prefer using the older, softer term “Chanoyu” (茶の湯) instead of the word “Tea Ceremony.”

3. The “Cha” Connection

From a linguistic perspective, “Chadō” actually makes a lot of sense.

Think about other tea-related words in Japanese:

• Cha-gama (Tea kettle)

• Cha-shitsu (Tea room)

• Cha-wan (Tea bowl)

• Cha-dougu (Tea utensils)

Since almost all related tools and terms start with the sound “Cha,” saying “Chadō” feels very natural and consistent.

Conclusion: Which Should You Use?

Today, public institutions like NHK (Japanese National Broadcasting) recognize both readings as correct. However, in general news and casual conversation, you will hear “Sadō” more often.

So, which one should you use? If you are practicing with the Urasenke school, stick to “Chadō.” If you are talking to a general Japanese friend, “Sadō” might be safer. But don’t worry—Japanese people understand both, and neither is considered “wrong.”

Whether you say Sadō or Chadō, the spirit remains the same: finding peace in a bowl of tea.